This thesis focuses on the development of advanced numerical methods to simulate fluid-particle interactions in complex environments. These methods, initially used in industrial applications such as combustion and multiphase flows, will be enhanced for integration into simulation codes for exascale supercomputers and adapted to meet the needs of astrophysics. The objective is to enable the study of astrophysical phenomena such as the dynamics of dust in protoplanetary disks and the structuring of dust in protostars and the interstellar medium. The expected outcomes include a better understanding of planetary formation mechanisms and disk structuring, as well as advancements in numerical methods that will benefit both industrial and astrophysical sciences.