Memories play a critical role for the security of cyber-physical systems. They manage sensitive data such as cryptographic keys and proprietary codes. With the increasing threat of hardware attacks, understanding and manipulating memory organization has become essential. The thesis aims to explore the application of laser attack techniques, specifically Thermal Laser Stimulation (TLS) and laser perturbation, to reverse engineer memory systems. The primary objective is to develop methods for extracting or modifying memory content, with a particular focus on validating TLS on FDSOI 22nm technology. Additionally, the thesis seeks to use laser perturbation for reconstructing memory architecture, analyzing error-correcting codes, and designing countermeasures. The research will leverage the infrastructures available at CEA (e.g.,https://github.com/CEA-Leti/secbench), as well as the expertise of the laboratory members.